摘要： 媒体曝光维权是否构成敲诈勒索,不能一概而论,要看对媒体曝光行为的总体评价。如果行为人所提要求和自己所受损失直接相关,索赔数额也没有超出社会一般观念认可的范围和限度,曝光行为总体上能够被评价为一种维权策略,属于正当维权;但曝光行为被用于谋求远超行为人权利依据的不当利益之手段,超出了社会一般观念认可的范围和限度,则该行为是敲诈勒索。在判断索赔行为是否超越社会一般观念时,除了考虑行为人是否具有权利依据之外,还必须考虑所维护权利的内容、侵权的方式、针对的对象、对行为人索赔要求所采取的应对态度、维权行为的难度、侵权行为发生的频次等因素。以高风险的网络媒体曝光为手段索要远超维权依据的高额赔偿的行为,不是正当维权,成立敲诈勒索。

关键词: 媒体曝光, 正当维权, 敲诈勒索, 权利, 手段

Abstract: Whether media exposure for rights protection constitutes extortion cannot be generalized.If the perpetrator of the demand and their own losses directly related to the amount of the claim does not exceed the general concept of social acceptance of the scope, and limits of the exposure of the behavior can be evaluated as a strategy to defend the rights of the overall, it belongs to legitimate rights protection.However, if the act of exposure is used as a means to seek improper benefits far beyond the basis of the actor's rights and exceeds the scope and limit recognized by the general social concept, then the behavior is extortion.In judging whether the claim behavior beyond the general concept of social judgment, in addition to considering whether the perpetrator has the basis of the right, what must consider are the content of the rights defended, the way of infringement, the target audience, the attitude adopted in response to the perpetrator's claim requirements, the difficulty of the rights protection behavior, and the frequency of infringement occurrence.In situations where high-risk online media exposure is used as a means to demand compensation far exceeding the basis for the actor's rights protection, it is not a legitimate defense of rights, but rather an extortion.

Key words: Media Exposure, Legitimate Defense, Extortion, Rights, Means