摘要： 我国生态环境犯罪的构成要件要素存在跨法典分布现象,需要在“双法源”(《生态环境法典》《刑法》)背景下进行分析。传统犯罪构成要件要素的知识形成与学术抽象主要来源于自然犯时代。生态环境犯罪作为工业化时代以来具有显著行政犯色彩的犯罪形态,其客观要件要素主要来源于生态环境法律,而主观要件要素则需依据生态环境法律、刑法总则、刑法分则的罪刑条款等进行综合判断。生态环境犯罪构成要件要素中的行政从属性、危害行为、危害后果、违法性认识等,既被《刑法》及其司法解释表达,也被生态环境法律表达。对生态环境犯罪的构成要件要素的判断,要树立全法域、全法治思维,在生态环境法律、《刑法》、《宪法》以及基本行政法律等法律规范体系中找寻依据,如此方能提升整体法治对生态环境犯罪的判断效能,从而促进我国生态文明建设与法治建设的协同发展。

关键词: 生态环境犯罪, 构成要件, 刑法, 生态环境法典, 法益识别

Abstract: The constitutive elements of ecological and environmental crimes in China exhibit a distinct phenomenon of cross-code distribution, necessitating an analysis within the context of “dual sources of law”(the Ecological and Environmental Code and the Criminal Law).Traditional criminal theory was developed in the era of “natural crimes”.As a criminal form with significant “administrative crime” characteristics since the industrial age, the objective elements of ecological and environmental crimes mainly stem from environmental protection laws, while their subjective elements require a comprehensive determination based on environmental protection laws, the General Provisions, and the Specific Provisions of the Criminal Law.Elements such as administrative subordination, harmful acts, harmful consequences, and awareness of illegality within the constitutive elements of ecological and environmental crimes are articulated both in the Criminal Law (including its judicial interpretations) and in ecological environmental laws.The assessment of these elements demands a holistic legal and rule-of-law mindset to seek normative grounds within an integrated legal system comprising ecological environmental laws, the Criminal Law, the Constitution, and basic administrative laws.Such a systemic approach is essential to enhancing the judicial efficacy of the rule of law in addressing ecological and environmental crimes, thereby fostering the coordinated development of China's ecological civilization and its legal system.

Key words: Ecological and Environmental Crimes, Constitutive Elements, Criminal Law, Ecological and Environmental Code, Identification of Legal Interests